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Reinforcement Learning: Trial, Error and Regret of ML

Sreeraj Patnaik D, Student Vice-Chair, ACM SC LIET
Published: **Nov 20, 2025** Views: **22**
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is basically the part of AI where we stop spoon-feeding machines and let them stumble around like toddlers! except these toddlers eventually learn to beat world champions at Go. Instead of giving explicit instructions, we drop an agent into an environment, hand it some rewards, and say, "Good luck, champ.” The agent starts exploring, sometimes brilliantly, sometimes disastrously. Each action earns a reward or a penalty. 

Over time, the agent figures out which actions bring long-term happiness (maximum cumulative reward), which is basically what humans try to do too, except humans also have social media distractions and midnight snacks. The secret sauce in RL is the trade-off between exploration and exploitation. 

Should the agent try something new, or stick to what already works? 

It\\\'s the same question we ask before ordering food: experiment with Momos or just get biryani again?\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\n\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nUnder the hood, RL uses clever methods like Q-learning, where the agent builds a map of “how good each action is,” or policy gradients, where it directly learns the best strategy. These ideas have powered breakthroughs in robotics, self-driving cars, recommendation engines, and game-playing AI that can out-play, out-think, and out-strategize humans.\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\n\\\\\\\\r\\\\\\\\nIn short, RL is the art of learning from consequences, optimizing behavior, and getting better over time. It’s AI’s version of life: make decisions, face outcomes, learn, and try again, only with fewer emotional breakdowns(To put in a Humanistic Manner!!). 

 In a world racing toward intelligent machines, Reinforcement Learning remains the bridge between curiosity and capability, a space where ideas, algorithms, and visionaries like Prof. Balaraman Ravindran keep pushing the frontier forward.